Apache Virtual Hosts allow you to run multiple websites on a single server. This guide will show you how to set up virtual hosts on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.
1. Install Apache
If Apache is not already installed, you can install it using:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apache22. Create Your Website Directory
Decide where you want to store your website files. Typically, you might create a directory in /var/www/. For example:
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/public_htmlSet the correct permissions for the directory:
sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/example.com/public_html3. Create a Virtual Host File
Create a new virtual host file for your website in the /etc/apache2/sites-available/ directory. For example:
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/example.com.confAdd the following configuration to the file, adjusting the values as needed:
ServerAdmin [email protected]
ServerName example.com
ServerAlias www.example.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/public_html
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
Save and close the file (press Ctrl+X, then Y, and Enter).
4. Enable the Virtual Host
Enable the new virtual host configuration using:
sudo a2ensite example.com.conf5. Test Apache Configuration
Ensure that there are no syntax errors in the Apache configuration:
sudo apache2ctl configtestIf the test is successful, you should see Syntax OK.
6. Restart Apache
Apply the changes by restarting Apache:
sudo service apache2 restart7. Update Your Hosts File (Optional)
If you are testing on a local machine and want to access your site using example.com, update your local hosts file:
sudo nano /etc/hostsAdd the following line, replacing 127.0.0.1 with your server’s IP address if needed:
127.0.0.1 example.comSave and close the file.
8. Verify Your Setup
Open a web browser and navigate to http://example.com. You should see your website’s default page or content.
9. Create Additional Virtual Hosts
Repeat steps 2 through 6 for any additional sites you want to host. Just create new directories and virtual host files as needed.
10. Secure Your Sites
Consider securing your virtual hosts with SSL/TLS. You can use tools like Certbot to obtain and install SSL certificates for your domains.
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